Isebenza njani ijenereyitha yelanga?

Kule mihla, izifudumezi zamanzi ngelanga ziye zaba zizixhobo eziqhelekileyo kumakhaya abantu abaninzi. Wonke umntu uva ukulungeleka kwamandla elanga. Ngoku abantu abaninzi bayafakaukuveliswa kwamandla elangaizixhobo eziphezu kophahla lwazo zokuxhasa amakhaya abo. Ke, ngaba amandla elanga alungile? Uthini umgaqo wokusebenza kweejenereyitha zelanga?

Ngaba amandla elanga alungile?

1. Amandla elanga asasazwa emhlabeni aphindwe ngama-6000 ngaphezu kwamandla asetyenziswa ngabantu ngoku.

2. Imithombo yamandla elanga ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye inokubonelela ngombane okufutshane ngaphandle kokuhanjiswa komgama omde, ukuphepha ukulahleka kwamandla ombane okubangelwa yimizila yokuhambisa umgama omde.

3. Inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwamandla okuvelisa amandla elanga ilula, kukuguqulwa ngokuthe ngqo kumandla okukhanya ukuya kumandla ombane, akukho nkqubo ephakathi (njengokuguqulwa kwamandla okushisa kumandla omatshini, amandla omatshini kumandla ombane, njl. kunye nentshukumo yomatshini, kwaye akukho mpahla yokunxiba. Ngokohlalutyo lwe-thermodynamic, ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kunomgangatho ophezulu kakhulu wokuvelisa umbane wethiyori, onokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-80%, kwaye amandla ophuhliso lobuchwepheshe mkhulu.

4. Umbane welanga ngokwawo awusebenzisi amafutha, awukhuphi naziphi na izinto eziquka iigesi ze<em>greenhouse kunye nezinye iigesi ezilahlwayo, awungcolisi umoya, awuvelisi ngxolo, awuhambisani nokusingqongileyo, kwaye akayi kubandezeleka ngenxa yeengxaki zamandla okanye ukungazinzi kwemarike yamafutha. Luhlobo olutsha lwamandla ahlaziyekayo aluhlaza ngokwenene kwaye anobungani nokusingqongileyo.

5. Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga ayifuni amanzi okupholisa, kwaye inokufakwa kwintlango yaseGobi ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kunokudibaniswa lula kunye nezakhiwo ukwenza inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic edibeneyo yesakhiwo, engadingi indawo yokuhlala eyahlukileyo kwaye inokugcina izibonelelo zomhlaba ezixabisekileyo.

6. Ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga akukho nxalenye yokuhanjiswa komatshini, ukusebenza lula kunye nokugcinwa, kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile nokuthembekileyo. Iseti yenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga inokuvelisa umbane okoko nje kukho amacandelo eeseli zelanga, idityaniswa nokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kobuchwephesha bolawulo oluzenzekelayo, ngokusisiseko inokungahoywa kwaye neendleko zokugcina ziphantsi. Phakathi kwazo, iiplagi zebhetri zokugcina amandla elanga ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuzisa iziphumo ezikhuselekileyo zokusebenza kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla.

7. Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga kuzinzile kwaye kuthembekile, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30). Iiseli zelanga ze-crystalline ze-silicon zingahlala ixesha elide ukuya kwi-20 ukuya kwi-35 iminyaka. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga, nje ukuba uyilo lunengqiqo kwaye uhlobo lukhethwe ngokufanelekileyo, ubomi bebhetri bunokuba bubude be-10 ukuya kwi-15 iminyaka.

8. Imodyuli yeseli yelanga inesakhiwo esilula, ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nobunzima obulula, obulungele ukuthutha kunye nokufakwa. Inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla elanga inexesha elifutshane lokwakha, kwaye ingaba nkulu okanye encinci ngokomthamo womthwalo wamandla, olungele kwaye uguquguqukayo, kwaye kulula ukudibanisa nokwandisa.

Zisebenza njani iijenereyitha zelanga?

Ijenereyitha yelanga ivelisa umbane ngokukhanyisa ngokuthe ngqo ukukhanya kwelanga kwipaneli yelanga kwaye ihlawulisa ibhetri. Ijenereyitha yelanga iquka la macandelo mathathu alandelayo: amacandelo eeseli zelanga; izixhobo zombane zombane ezifana nezilawuli zokutshaja kunye nokukhupha, ii-inverters, izixhobo zovavanyo kunye nokubeka iliso kwikhompyutha, kunye neebhetri okanye enye indawo yokugcina amandla kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo zokuvelisa umbane. Njengenxalenye ephambili, iiseli zelanga zinobomi obude benkonzo, kwaye ubomi beeseli ze-crystalline ze-silicon zelanga zingafikelela kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-25. Iinkqubo ze-Photovoltaic zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwaye iifom ezisisiseko zenkqubo ye-photovoltaic izicelo zingahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: iinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane ozimeleyo kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla ombane.

Iinkalo eziphambili zesicelo zihamba phambili kwizithuthi zesithuba, iinkqubo zonxibelelwano, izikhululo ze-microwave relay, izitishi ze-TV, iimpompo zamanzi ze-photovoltaic kunye nonikezelo lwamandla asekhaya kwiindawo ezingenawo umbane. Ngophuhliso lobuchwephesha kunye neemfuno zophuhliso oluzinzileyo loqoqosho lwehlabathi, amazwe aphuhlileyo sele eqalisile ukukhuthaza umbane photovoltaic edityaniswe ezidolophini igridi edityaniswe ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, ikakhulu ukwakha uphahla lwendlu photovoltaic iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla kunye MW-level centralized enkulu- isikali esidityaniswe negridi yeenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla. Ukukhuthaza ngamandla ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ze-photovoltaic zelanga ekuthuthweni nasekukhanyeni kwedolophu.

Ukuba unomdla kwiijeneretha zelanga, wamkelekile ukuba uqhagamshelaneumenzi weejenereyitha zelangaUkukhanya ukuyaFunda ngokugqithisileyo.