Iibhetri ze-lithiumUguqukele kumzi-mveliso wokugcina amandla ngenxa yokusebenza kwabo ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki. Ibhetri yeLithium-ion iba ngumthombo wokukhetha kuyo yonke into kwii-smartphones kunye neelaptops kwizithuthi zombane kunye neenkqubo zamandla ahlaziyiweyo. Ke kutheni i-lithium isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhetri? Masiphathe kwiimfihlo ezikule zixhobo zogcino lwamandla angaqhelekanga.
Ukufumana impendulo kulo mbuzo, kuyafuneka kuqala ukuqondakala iipropathi ezizodwa zeLithium. I-Lithium yi-alkali yesinyithi esaziwa ngokuba yintsimbi yayo yeatomic kunye neempawu ezilungileyo ze-electroniki. Ezi ndawo ze-lithium zenza ukuba kuthathe ukhetho olufanelekileyo xa kufikwa kwiibhetri.
Esona sibonelelo siphambili se-lithium Bhateri kukuxinana kwamandla amakhulu. Ukuxinana kwamandla kubhekisa kumandla ukuba ibhetri inokugcina ivolumu nganye okanye ubunzima. Iibhetri ze-lithium zinengxaki yokuxinana kwamandla, zibavumela ukuba bagcine amandla amakhulu kwi-compact kunye noyilo olukhanyayo. Ke ngoko, iibhetri ze-lithium zilungele izixhobo eziphathwayo ezifuna umthombo wamandla ahlala ixesha elide.
Ukongeza kuxinzelelo lwamandla aphezulu, iibhetri ze-lithium nazo zinevolthi ephezulu. I-voltage ngumahluko onokubakho phakathi kwezikhululo zebhetri nezingalunganga zebhetri. I-voltage ephezulu yeebhetri zeLithium zeLithium ivumela ukuba bahambise imijikelezo enamandla, ukubonelela ngamandla kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki. Oku kwenza ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium zilungele ngokukhethekileyo kwizicelo ezifuna iziphumo eziphezulu, ezinje ngezithuthi zombane kunye nezixhobo zombane.
Ukongeza, iibhetri ze-lithium zinenqanaba lokuziqaqambisa eziphantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba banokubamba intlawulo yexesha elide xa bengasebenzi. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iibhetri ezihlaziyiweyo, iibhetri ze-lithium zinenqanaba eliphezulu le-1-2% ngenyanga, ebavumela ukuba bahlale betyala iinyanga ngaphandle kokuphulukana namandla. Le mpahla yenza ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium zinokuthenjwa kakhulu kwaye zilungele iimfuno zamandla okanye ezigciniweyo.
Esinye isizathu i-lithium isetyenziswa kwiibhetri ngumjikelo wayo ogqwesileyo. Umjikelo wobomi bebhetri ubhekisa kwinani lentlawulo kunye nokukhupha imijikelezo yebhetri ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-verades yayo. Iibhetri zeLithium zinomjikelezo ochukumisayo ubomi bamakhulu amakhulu amawaka emijikelezo, kuxhomekeke kwi-chemistry ethile kunye noyilo. Olu lonwabo luqinisekisa ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium zingamelana rhoqo ngokutsha, zibenza balungele ukusetyenziswa mihla le.
Ukongeza, iibhetri ze-lithium zaziwa ngobuchule bazo bokutshaja. Xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezihlaziyiweyo zemveli, iibhetri ze-lithium zinokuhlawuliswa ngexabiso elikhawulezayo, ukunciphisa ixesha lokutshaja. Olu ncedo luxabiseke ngakumbi ngexesha lokwazi okukhawulezayo, apho ixesha elinexabiso elifanelekileyo. Nokuba yi-smartphone efuna ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, okanye imoto yombane efuna isikhululo sokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza, i-Lithium Bhateri inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokubuyiselwa kwamandla ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.
Okokugqibela, ukhuseleko yinto ebalulekileyo yetekhnoloji yebhetri. Ngethamsanqa, iibhetri ze-lithium ziye zaphuculela ukhuseleko kakhulu ngenxa yenkqubela phambili kwi-chemistrystry yetekisti kunye neendlela zokukhusela. Iibhetri ze-lithium zanamhlanje ziye zakha-kwiimpawu zokhuseleko ezinjengokugqitha kakhulu kwaye zikhuselwe ngaphezulu, ummiselo we-fermal, kunye nokuthintela okufutshane. La manyathelo okhuseleko ayenza i-lithium ibhetriumtha yoMthombo othembekileyo noKhuselekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuphatha, iibhetri ze-lithium zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngenxa yepropathi yabo ebalaseleyo efana nengxinano yamandla aphezulu, i-voltage ephezulu, ubomi obude, kunye nesantya esisezantsi, kunye nezantyaso esiphuculweyo. Ezi ndawo zenza iibhetri ze-lithium zikhethe ukhetho lokuqala lokuxhobisa ilizwe lanamhlanje, zisebenzela izixhobo ezisemathini ze-elektroniki, izithuthi eziphathwayo, kunye neenkqubo zamandla ophumelelayo ukuze zichume. Njengoko itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka ivela, iibhetri ze-lithium ziya kuqhubeka nokudlala indima ephambili ekwakheni ikamva lokugcina amandla.
Ukuba unomdla kwibhetri ye-lithium, wamkelekile ukuba uqhagamshelane ne-Lithium boveloFunda ngokugqithisileyo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: Jun-16 ukuya kwi-2023